Integrated Pest Management 综合虫害管理
Pests pose a risk to IAQ and human health because of their associated droppings, saliva, and other biological traces. Therefore, keeping rodents, insects, and other pests from entering the building is an important form of source control. However, certain pesticides also have the potential to introduce hazards that may cause health harms (e.g., eye and throat irritation, neurological or organ damage, and even increased cancer risk).
害虫及其排泄物、唾液等生物痕迹会威胁室内空气质量（IAQ）与人体健康，因此防止鼠类、昆虫等进入建筑是重要的源头控制措施。但部分杀虫剂本身也可能带来健康风险，例如眼喉刺激、神经或器官损伤，甚至增加癌症风险。
Green Building Strategies 绿色建筑策略
Green buildings proactively prevent pests from entering while minimizing risks to human health. As discussed in Chapter 8: Energy and Atmosphere, a high-performance building envelope in important in terms of energy use, but it can also help keep pests out.
绿色建筑在主动防虫害的同时，也会将对人体健康的风险降至最低。如第 8 章《能源与大气》所述，高性能建筑围护结构不仅有助于节能，还能有效阻挡害虫进入。
图示说明：通过规划与测试管理建筑内的热量、空气和湿气流动，有助于防止害虫进入。
To further ensure that pests do not enter the building, green buildings implement integrated pest management (IPM), which is a method of pest management that protects human health and the surrounding environment, and improves economic returns through the most effective, lowest-risk option.
为进一步防止害虫进入建筑，绿色建筑采用综合虫害管理（IPM）—— 一种通过最有效、低风险的方式，保护人体健康与周边环境，同时提升经济效益的虫害管理方法。
Project teams plan their IPM strategies, which include:
- Implementing preventative measures that don't rely on chemicals (e.g., routine inspections and minimizing potential pest entry points)
- Identifying when pesticides must be used, since infestations can still occur
- Selecting the lowest-risk options to help protect occupants from pests and minimize human risk of exposure to pesticides
项目团队制定的 IPM 策略包括：
- 实施非化学预防性措施（如定期检查、减少潜在害虫入口）
- 确定必须使用杀虫剂的情况（因虫害仍可能发生）
- 选择最低风险的方案，保护使用者免受虫害侵扰，并尽量减少人体接触杀虫剂的风险
As climate change and globalization continue to shift the life cycles of pests and the locations where they live and thrive, infestations may become more common.
随着气候变化与全球化持续影响害虫的生命周期和分布范围，虫害问题可能会变得更加普遍。
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