Building Electrification 建筑电气化
Even buildings that are designed, constructed, and operated to use energy efficiently can have significant carbon footprints if the energy used comes from fuels burned on the project site. Many buildings use on-site combustion of fuels for space heat, hot water, and process loads.
即使是设计、施工和运营均高效节能的建筑，如果其能源来自项目现场燃烧的燃料，仍可能产生可观的碳足迹。许多建筑仍通过现场燃烧燃料来满足采暖、热水及工艺负荷需求。
Green Building Strategies 绿色建筑策略
Green buildings use electricity for these functions, rather than on-site combustion. For example, a heat pump can be used for space heating, rather than a furnace powered by natural gas. Building electrification, the process of replacing non-electric energy sources with electricity, is one of the most important ways that buildings can decarbonize.
绿色建筑采用电力而非现场燃烧来实现上述功能。例如，使用热泵替代天然气炉进行采暖。建筑电气化，即用电力替代非电力能源的过程，是建筑脱碳最重要的方式之一。
Even though electrical grids, the networks of wires and cables that transport electricity from power plants to end users, still get 60% of their energy from fossil fuels, that is changing as nations move to decarbonize their electricity grids.
尽管将电力从发电厂输送至终端用户的电网，目前仍有 60% 的能源来自化石燃料，但随着各国推动电网脱碳，这一状况正在改变。
Through electrification, projects continue to reduce their carbon footprint over time as their electrical grid decarbonizes.
通过电气化改造，项目的碳足迹将随着电网的脱碳进程持续降低。
New buildings can be designed to avoid on-site combustion. Strategies include:
- Electrifying space heating and cooling and water heating through the use of heat pumps, which draw thermal energy out of water, air, or the ground into a refrigerant and then transfer that heat to another place. Although they transfer thermal energy, heat pumps require electricity and are thus electrical loads.
- Future-proofing new buildings to prepare for future phasing out of on-site combustion.
新建建筑可通过设计避免现场燃烧，策略包括：
- 使用热泵实现采暖、制冷与热水供应；热泵将水、空气或土壤中的热能转移至制冷剂中，再输送至其他空间。尽管热泵传递的是热能，但仍需电力驱动，因此属于电力负荷。
- 为新建建筑进行前瞻性设计，以应对未来现场燃烧设施的淘汰趋势。
Existing buildings can still take steps to decarbonize. Strategies include:
- Creating a long-term strategic decarbonization plan that focuses first on energy efficiency and then on electrification.
- Timing decarbonization projects to align with normal system maintenance and replacement cycles.
既有建筑仍可通过以下方式推进脱碳：
- 制定长期脱碳战略规划，优先提升能效，再逐步推进电气化改造。
- 结合系统常规维护与更新周期，合理安排脱碳项目的实施时机。
Quality of life
Cooking can be electrified through the use of induction cooking, which uses a magnetic field to directly heat pots and pans. Induction cooking is also much safer than electric and gas systems because the cooktop stops generating heat when a pot is removed. Induction cooking produces fewer toxic emissions and less waste heat, so it doesn’t require as much ventilation and creates a safer environment for kitchen staff.
烹饪环节可通过电磁感应灶具实现电气化；电磁灶利用磁场直接加热锅具，相比传统电灶和气灶更为安全 —— 锅具移开后灶面即停止发热。电磁烹饪产生的有毒排放物与废热更少，因此对通风的要求更低，也为厨房工作人员创造了更安全的环境。
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