Light Pollution Reduction
减少光污染
Light pollution is the excessive or inappropriate use of outdoor artificial light, which affects human health, wildlife behavior, and the ability to observe stars.
光污染是指户外人造光的过度或不当使用，会影响人类健康、野生动物习性以及观测星空的能力。
Many plants and animals — including humans — can thrive only when the night is dark.
许多动植物（包括人类），只有在夜晚黑暗的环境中才能健康繁衍。
The built environment can contribute to light pollution, since outdoor lighting is often needed for functional and safety purposes.
建筑环境易引发光污染，因为户外照明常被用于功能性及安全防护需求。
Advances in technology have greatly improved the efficiency of lighting, but the color of the light must also be considered.
技术进步大幅提升了照明效率，但灯光的色温也必须加以考量。
Cool blue light tends to be the most efficient, but the use of this lighting has unintended consequences.
冷色蓝光通常照明效率最高，但使用这类灯光会带来非预期的负面影响。
Blue light, the type generated by LEDs and electronic devices, plays a crucial role in regulating the body’s natural sleep cycle because it is similar to daylight.
LED 灯与电子设备发出的蓝光，因与日光特性相近，对调节人体自然睡眠周期起到关键作用。
While daytime exposure to blue light is beneficial, evening exposure can disrupt sleep patterns for both humans and wildlife.
虽然白天接触蓝光有益，但夜间接触蓝光会扰乱人类与野生动物的睡眠节律。
Blue light also reduces night vision, which affects safety, and blocks view of the stars.
蓝光还会削弱夜视能力，影响安全，同时遮蔽星空视野。
生活品质：光污染带来的影响，往往对弱势社区造成尤为严重的不均衡冲击。研究发现，非裔、拉丁裔、亚裔居民以及租房群体，夜间暴露在更强环境光中的比例更高。
Green Building Strategies
绿色建筑策略
Fortunately, outdoor lighting can efficiently perform its role while also preserving the beauty and the ecological functions of the night sky.
幸运的是，户外照明在高效发挥作用的同时，也可以兼顾保护夜空的美观与生态功能。
Green buildings reduce the risk of light pollution by:
绿色建筑通过以下方式降低光污染风险：
? Selecting light fixtures that give off warm light (that has an amber or yellow hue, similar to that of candlelight) rather than cool light (that has a bluish?white glow)
- 选用发射暖光（琥珀色或黄色调，类似烛光）的灯具，而非冷光（蓝白色调）灯具
? Ensuring lights are only on when needed through the use of dimmers, motion sensors, and timers
- 通过调光器、人体感应传感器和定时器，确保灯具仅在需要时开启
? Preventing light from spilling beyond the project site through the use of light shielding, where fixtures direct light downward
- 采用遮光措施，使灯光向下照射，避免光线溢出项目场地范围
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