LEED v5 O+M Rating System
Operations and Maintenance — Bilingual Reader / 双语阅读器

Credit Category View / 学分类别视图

Decarbonization / 脱碳

Quality of Life / 生活质量

Ecological Conservation and Restoration / 生态保护与修复

Impact Area Alignment — Decarbonization

INTEGRATIVE PROCESS, PLANNING, and Restoration

AND ASSESSMENTS

Integrative Process, Planning, and Assessments Prerequisite

CLIMATE RESILIENCE ASSESSMENT

IPp1 REQUIRED

INTENT

To promote a comprehensive assessment of observed, projected, and future natural hazards for climate resilience, aiming to enhance awareness of hazards, increase transparency of risks, reduce vulnerabilities, and ensure long-term safety and sustainability.

REQUIREMENTS

• Potential impact on the project site and building function Where possible, use the information from the assessment to inform the operations and maintenance of the project and describe how project-specific strategies were considered.

Impact Area Alignment — Decarbonization

Integrative Process, Planning, and Assessments Prerequisite and Restoration

HUMAN IMPACT ASSESSMENT

IPp2 REQUIRED

INTENT

To ensure that the project is guided by a thorough understanding of the social context of the local community, workforce, and supply chain, helping to address potential social inequities and incorporate information about people impacted by the project into operations.

REQUIREMENTS

Where possible, use the information from the assessment to inform the operations and maintenance of the project and describe how project-specific strategies were considered. At a minimum, the assessment must address the parameters within the control of project and site management. The assessment may be used for multitenant complexes or campus projects in the same location.

Impact Area Alignment

Integrative Process, Planning, and Assessments Prerequisite

OPERATIONS ASSESSMENT AND POLICY

IPp3 REQUIRED

INTENT

To support holistic, high-performing, sustainable operations that address the LEED system goals: decarbonization, quality of life, and ecosystem ecological conservation and restoration.

REQUIREMENTS

• Materials purchasing: Address purchasing practices to reduce environmental harm from materials by considering the embodied carbon of products. As applicable, address ongoing consumables and durable goods

• Construction and renovations: Address the environmental and air quality impacts of construction and renovation projects. As applicable, address materials purchased, waste diversion, and indoor air quality practices implemented during renovation and maintenance activities

• Occupant needs: Identify Determine how people are currently using the building, and identify opportunities to improve underused spaces or spaces not meeting the needs of people. Identify opportunities to improve access to building features, usability, customization, connection with nature, and physical health. As applicable, provide recommendations for improving indoor environmental quality and experiential delight

• Green cleaning: Address Determine how the building and site areas are cleaned. Address the products used to clean the building and the janitorial paper, trash can liners, and miscellaneous janitorial products purchased for the project during regular operations. Identify safe handling, use, and disposal of products. Evaluate the cleaning performance, and staffing methods, and cleaning personnel training

Impact Area Alignment

Integrative Process, Planning, and Assessments Prerequisite

CURRENT FACILITIES REQUIREMENTS

AND O+M PLAN IPp4 REQUIRED

INTENT

To promote continuity of information to ensure that energy-efficient operating strategies are maintained and to provide a foundation for green jobs training and system analysis.

REQUIREMENTS

Impact Area Alignment — Decarbonization

Integrative Process, Planning, and Assessments Credit and Restoration

OPERATIONAL PLANNING FOR RESILIENCE

IPc1 1 point

INTENT

To encourage effective hazard response plans and readiness measures to ensure safety and maintain critical operations during and after emergencies.

REQUIREMENTS

Impact Area Alignment — Decarbonization

Integrative Process, Planning, and Assessments Credit and Restoration

WORKER SAFETY AND TRAINING

IPc2 1 point

INTENT

To promote and further social impact by addressing the needs and disparities among those working to operate and maintain the project by supporting safety and personal well-being and encouraging transparency through planning and training.

REQUIREMENTS

• Storage and collection of recyclables: For example, handling and reporting measures for recyclables, landfills, compost, and hazardous waste

• Green infrastructure features: For example, confined space hazards and access to specific systems

• Cleaning and sanitary systems: For example, physical and chemical hazards for janitorial, pest management, and window-cleaning staff

• Security systems: Evaluate physical hazards for security personnel

• Essential services: Ensure accessibility to safe essential services such as water and restrooms AND Worker Safety Training Develop or adopt comprehensive safety training modules specific to each system or service worker role. The training is to address general ergonomic and safety practices, emergency procedures, PPE usage, and role-specific hazard safety. Implement the following:

• Conduct training for all new hires and provide annual training review sessions for existing staff.

• Maintain detailed records of all training sessions, including attendance, topics covered, and trainer credentials.

• Include procedures for workers to report safety incidents and address unsafe conditions.

• Use in-person, online, and hands-on training methods to accommodate different learning styles and ensure effective knowledge transfer.

• For projects with over 100 full-time employees (FTEs), provide first aid, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), and automated external defibrillator (AED) training for at least one operations and maintenance staff member.

Impact Area Alignment

LOCATION AND TRANSPORTATION and Restoration Location and Transportation Credit

SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORTATION

PERFORMANCE

LTc1 1–6 points

INTENT

To promote livability, walkability, and transportation efficiency, including reduced vehicle distance traveled and associated emissions.

REQUIREMENTS

Table 1. Points for Project Sustainable Transportation Rate

Equation 1. Calculating the sustainable transportation rate Sustainable transportation rate = the total percentage of occupants who traveled to the project by the following active and shared modes of transportation: Active and shared modes of transportation include:

• Walked

• Cycled

• Took public transportation (e.g., bus, streetcar, subway, railroad, ferryboat)

• Carpooled/vanpooled (i.e., car, truck, or van with two or more people in the vehicle)

• Worked at home (telecommuted) The transportation mode choices presented in the survey may be modified to reflect local options, provided all options are mapped to the preceding list of modes above in the survey results. OR Option 2. Location Efficiency Score (1–6 points) Demonstrate that the project location meets a location-efficiency score via Walk Score®. Points are awarded according to Table 2.

Table 2. Points for Location Efficiency

Impact Area Alignment

Location and Transportation Credit

TRANSPORTATION DEMAND MANAGEMENT

LTc2 1 point

INTENT

To promote multimodal transportation choices and reduce single-occupancy vehicles and associated emissions.

REQUIREMENTS

OR Option 3. Bicycle Network and Storage (1 point)

BICYCLE NETWORK

Provide a functional entry and/or bicycle storage within a 600-foot (180-meter) walking distance or cycling distance of a bicycle network that meets the following criteria:

• Is a contiguous network that spans a distance of at least 3 miles (4,800 meters)

• Consists of bicycle paths, lanes, or multiuse trails that are at least 8 feet (2.5 meters) wide for a two-way path and at least 4 feet (1.2 meters) wide for a one-way path, or streets with a maximum speed limit of 25 mph (40 kph). Sidewalks where local code permits bicycles are acceptable Planned bicycle trails or lanes may be counted if they are fully funded by the end of the 12- month reporting period and are scheduled for completion within three years of that date. School

• Provide dedicated bicycle lanes, or sidewalks where local code permits bicycles, that extend from the student bike-parking location to at least the end of the school property without any barriers (e.g., fences on school property). AND

BICYCLE STORAGE

Provide short-term bicycle storage within a 600-foot (180-meter) walking distance to any main entrance but no fewer than four storage spaces per building. Provide long-term bicycle storage within a 300-foot (90-meter) walking distance from any functional entry but no fewer than four storage spaces per building, in addition to the short-term bicycle storage spaces. Points are awarded according to Table 1. Shared micromobility storage, bicycle sharing stations, and/or publicly available bicycle parking may be counted for up to 50% of the required short-term and long-term storage space if it meets the maximum allowable walking distance and is not double counted (i.e., the short-term and the long-term storage spaces are counted separately). The storage location is communicated to the building occupants and visitors.

Table 1. Number of Spaces Required for Short- and Long-Term Bicycle Storage

NOTE: School projects can exclude students in third grade and younger from the regular building occupant count for long-term storage. NOTE: Healthcare projects can exclude patients from the regular building occupant count for long-term storage.

Impact Area Alignment

— Quality of Life

Location and Transportation Credit and Restoration

ELECTRIC VEHICLES

LTc3 1 point

INTENT

To encourage the use of electric vehicles and infrastructure and help diminish the negative health effects on communities by lowering greenhouse gas emissions and other pollutants emitted from conventionally fueled cars and trucks.

REQUIREMENTS

requirements of the National Electrical Code (NFPA 70).

• Ensure 208–240 volts or greater for each required space.

• Comply with the relevant regional or local standard for electrical connectors, such as SAE Surface Vehicle Recommended Practice J1772, SAE Electric Vehicle Conductive Charge Coupler, or IEC 62196 of the International Electrotechnical Commission for projects outside the U.S.

• Meet the connected functionality criteria for ENERGY STAR-certified EVSE and be capable of responding to time-of-use market signals (e.g., price).

• At least one EV charging station must be an accessible parking space at least 9 feet (2.5 meters) wide with a 5-foot (1.5-meter) access aisle with charging station accessibility features for use by persons with mobility, ambulatory, and visual limitations.

Table 1. Points for Installed EVSE (Percentage of Total Parking Spaces)

Impact Area Alignment

SUSTAINABLE SITES and Restoration Sustainable Sites Credit

HEAT ISLAND REDUCTION

SSc1 1 point

INTENT

To mitigate disparate impacts on microclimates and habitats caused by heat islands and extreme heat events.

REQUIREMENTS

Plants or vegetated structures that provide shade over paving areas (including o playgrounds) on the site. For newly installed plants, base shade area on 10-year canopy. Vegetated planters. o Structures covered by energy generation systems, such as solar thermal collectors, o photovoltaics, and wind turbines. Architectural devices or structures. If the device or structure is a roof, it shall have an o aged SR value of at least 0.28 as measured in accordance with ANSI/CRRC S100. If the device or structure is not a roof, or if aged SR information is not available, it shall have an initial SR of at least 0.33 as measured in accordance with ANSI/CRRC S100.

• Use paving materials with an initial SR value of at least 0.33.

• Create an open-grid pavement system (at least 50% unbound). High-Reflectance Roof Use roofing materials that have an aged SRIsolar reflectance index (SRI) value equal to or greater than the values in Table 1. If an aged SRI is not available, the roofing material shall have an initial SRI equal to or greater than the values in Table 1.

Table 1. Minimum Solar Reflectance Index Value, by Roof Slope

Impact Area Alignment — Decarbonization — Quality of Life

Sustainable Sites Credit and Restoration

LIGHT POLLUTION AND

BIRD COLLISION REDUCTION

SSc2 1 point

INTENT

To increase night sky access, improve nighttime visibility, and reduce the consequences of development for wildlife and people.

REQUIREMENTS

requirements as defined in the IESNA Cutoff Classifications.2 AND

INTERIOR LIGHTING

Meet at least one of the following measures:

• Limit the total duration of all nighttime lighting programmed “on” to less than 90 minutes per day. A manual override capability may be provided for occasional after-hours use.

• Reduce the amount of uplight leaving the building. Any suspended or wall- or floor- mounted luminaires with a direct line of sight above the horizon, through any glass windows, skylights, or doors, must be automatically controlled to turn “off” during all nighttime hours (the time between sunset and sunrise). 2 The Lighting Authority, “Standards,” n.d., https://www.ies.org/standards/.

• Install automatic window shades or shielding that limit light transmittance to 10% or less during nighttime.

• The lighting in at least 50% of the nonresidential spaces adjacent to the building’s perimeter is controlled to turn off after hours and/or when there are no occupants. AND

EXTERIOR LIGHTING

Meet at least one of the following measures:

• All nonessential exterior fixtures are turned off between midnight and 6 a.m.

• Meet the exterior lighting control requirements of ASHRAE 90.1-2019, Section 9.4.1.4. OR Option 2. Bird Collision Reduction (1 point) Glass used below specified heights on the exterior of the building and site structures must have a maximum threat factor of 30, as defined in the American Bird Conservancy Threat Factor database. This applies to all glass, including spandrel glass, when located:

• From grade up to 50 feet (15 meters) measured at all points

• Up to 20 feet (6 meters) measured from the finished grade of a green roof

• At any distance from grade or roof for glass in guardrails and windshields

Impact Area Alignment — Decarbonization — Quality of Life

WATER EFFICIENCY (WE) Water Efficiency Prerequisite

WATER METERING AND REPORTING

WEp1 REQUIRED

INTENT

To conserve potable water resources, support water management, and identify opportunities for additional water savings by tracking water consumption.

REQUIREMENTS

Impact Area Alignment

— Quality of Life

Water Efficiency Credit and Restoration

WATER EFFICIENCY PERFORMANCE

WEc1 1–14 points

INTENT

To reduce potable water consumption and the associated energy consumption and carbon emissions required to treat and distribute water, and to preserve potable water resources through an efficiency-first approach.

REQUIREMENTS

Table 1. Baseline Water Use Intensity Threshold

Table 2. Points for Water Performance

Impact Area Alignment

— Quality of Life

Water Efficiency Credit and Restoration

ADVANCED WATER METERING

WEc2 1 point

INTENT

To support water management and identify opportunities for additional water savings by tracking water consumption.

REQUIREMENTS

Impact Area Alignment

— Quality of Life

ENERGY AND ATMOSPHERE and Restoration Energy and Atmosphere Prerequisite

CARBON PROJECTION FROM ENERGY USE

EAp1 REQUIRED

INTENT

To provide a baseline operational carbon emissions projection from energy use and to increase carbon literacy at the project level and throughout the real estate industry.

REQUIREMENTS

Table 1. Estimated End-Use Breakdown

based BPS, the BPS-BAU must be a carbon BAU that reflectsing the electrical carbon coefficients as defined in the ordinance. If applicable, calculate the assessed annual fines or fees that will apply for exceeding the caps and the cumulative fines or fees over the 25-year period. The owner or owner's representative must attest that they have reviewed the project’s BAU and fee projections.

Impact Area Alignment

— Quality of Life

Energy and Atmosphere Prerequisite and Restoration

ENERGY MONITORING AND REPORTING

EAp2 REQUIRED

INTENT

To support energy management practices and facilitate identification of ongoing opportunities for energy and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions savings by tracking and reporting building energy use and demand.

REQUIREMENTS

Impact Area Alignment

— Quality of Life

Energy and Atmosphere Prerequisite and Restoration

MINIMUM ENERGY PERFORMANCE

EAp3 REQUIRED

INTENT

To promote resilience and reduce the environmental and economic harms of excessive energy use and greenhouse gas emissions by achieving a minimum level of energy efficiency.

REQUIREMENTS

OR Option 2. Energy Use Intensity Targets For the 12-month reporting period, meet the site energy use intensity (EUI) or source EUI targets established for the project’s building type(s) and climate zone in Appendix II based on ASHRAE 100-2024. OR Option 3. Performance Relative to Historical Baseline For property types not eligible to receive an ENERGY STAR score, compare the building’s total annual site and source energy consumption for the 12-month reporting period with historical baseline site and source energy consumption data from a 12-month reporting period with similar occupancy occurring within eight years before the end of the 12-month reporting period. Demonstrate at least an 8% reduction in either site energy use or source energy use beyond the historical baseline. Historical data may be normalized against the reporting period for weather or operational variables, such as occupancy or production throughput. High-process-load buildings that meet the following criteria demonstrate a 4% reduction in energy use for performance relative to the historical baseline.

• Building activity classification not referenced in Appendix II, Table 1, Building Category Classifications, or a project narrative demonstrates that the building function is directly linked to heightened energy usage compared to other buildings with the same building activity classification

• Energy use associated with manufacturing or industrial equipment, including equipment used for conveyance of people or objects, uncontrollable loads, life safety requirements, and/or security requirements, contributes at least 50% of the total energy consumption, meaning that at least 50% of the total building energy consumption cannot be modified using standard efficiency/retrofit measures, including Envelope improvements; o Internal load reductions to lighting, ENERGY STAR-eligible equipment, etcand so o forth;. HVAC or domestic hot water (DHW) efficiency upgrades; and o Controls upgrades to HVAC, DHW, or lighting systems. o

Impact Area Alignment

— Quality of Life

Energy and Atmosphere Prerequisite and Restoration

FUNDAMENTAL REFRIGERANT MANAGEMENT

EAp4 REQUIRED

INTENT

To reduce greenhouse gas emissions from refrigerants by accelerating the phaseout of refrigerants with high global warming potential (GWP) and by reducing refrigerant leakage.

REQUIREMENTS

• Refrigerant leakage tracking: For the 12-month reporting period, track and report, by refrigerant type and weight, the project’s refrigerant recharge or total procurement of refrigerants, and report the total GWP of the leaked refrigerants. For initial certifications, implement refrigerant tracking for no less than the last three months of the 12-month reporting period and report all recharge occurring during refrigerant leakage inspection and recharge.

Impact Area Alignment

— Quality of Life

Energy and Atmosphere Credit and Restoration

GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS REDUCTION

PERFORMANCE

EAc1 1–12 points

INTENT

To reduce environmental and economic harm associated with greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from building energy use that disproportionately impacts frontline communities.

REQUIREMENTS

PATH 1. ENERGY STAR NEXTGEN TARGET (1–5 POINTS) Determine the target by multiplying the ENERGY STAR NextGen Direct (GHG) target by 1.4. i Reference the ENERGY STAR Portfolio Manager Technical Reference for ENERGY STAR NextGen and direct GHG targets.5 i OR PATH 2. HISTORICAL BASELINE TARGET (1–5 POINTS) Calculate the total GHG emissions from on-site combustion for the current 12-month reporting period compared to a historical baseline from a 12-month reporting period with similar occupancy occurring within eight years before the end of the 12-month reporting period. Historical data may be normalized against the reporting period for weather or operational variables, such as occupancy or production throughput. OR PATH 3. ON-SITE COMBUSTION EMISSIONS INTENSITY TARGET (1–5 POINTS) Available Path 3 is available only to projects using EAp3: Minimum Energy Performance, Option 2. Determine on-site combustion emissions intensity targets for the project’s building type(s) and climate zone according to Appendix II.

Table 1. Points for Percentage Reduction Below On-Site Combustion Emissions Targets

Points documented for Tier 1, Tier 2, and/or Tier 3 renewable energy may be added together up to a maximum of 4 points.

Table 2. Points for Renewable Energy Procurement

RENEWABLE ENERGY CRITERIA

Contract Length Project shall demonstrate a minimum of a three-year contractual commitment that begins no later than the project’s reporting period start date. Contract length shall be three years or prorated across three years for shorter contract lengths. Environmental Attributes Ownership All environmental attributes (Energy Attribute Certificates [EACs]) or Renewable Energy Certificates [RECs]) associated with renewable energy generation must be retired on behalf of the LEED project for the renewable energy procurement to contribute to credit achievement. Vintage EACs/RECs credited to the project must be generated no earlier than 18 months before the LEED project’s initial submission date. Location Tier 2 and Tier 3 renewable assets must be in the same country or region where the LEED project is located. AND/OR Option 3. Total Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Building Energy Use (1–3 points) Demonstrate a percentage improvement in project GHG emissions from building energy use below the total GHG emissions target. Points are awarded according to Table 3. Calculate the project GHG emissions for the 12-month reporting period using the project energy consumption for each energy source and the project GHG emissions factors for each energy source. Report project electricity use with a GHG emissions factor of zero when the electricity is supplied or offset by Tier 1; on-site renewable energy generation or social impact project, and/or Tier 2; new off-site renewable electricity, documented in Option 2. Renewable Energy. Calculate GHG emissions targets using one of the following:either Path 1 or Path 2. PATH 1. PERFORMANCE RELATIVE TO SIMILAR BUILDINGS (1–3 POINTS) GHG emissions targets shall be calculated based on the site energy use intensity targets for fuel and electricity for the project’s building type and climate zone in Appendix II. For all project locations, multiply these targets by the published U.S. Environmental Protection Agency national CO equivalent (CO eq) emissions factors for natural gas and electricity from the most 2 2 recently published year.

OR PATH 2. PERFORMANCE RELATIVE TO HISTORICAL BASELINE (1–3 POINTS) Calculate the historical baseline target derived using the site energy data for each building energy source from a 12-month reporting period with similar occupancy occurring within eight years before the end of the 12-month reporting period, and the project GHG emissions factor for each energy source during the historical reference period. Historical data may be normalized against the reporting period for weather or operational variables, such as occupancy or production throughput. If the project generated on-site renewable energy or procured off-site renewable energy during the historical reporting period, treat this identically to nonrenewable energy for the purposes of calculating the GHG emissions target.

Table 3. Points for Percentage Reduction Below GHG Emissions Target

Impact Area Alignment

— Quality of Life

Energy and Atmosphere Credit and Restoration

OPTIMIZED ENERGY PERFORMANCE

EAc2 2–12 points

INTENT

To operate buildings that minimize energy use to reduce the environmental damage caused by resource extraction, air pollution, and greenhouse gas emissions and facilitate the transition to a clean energy future.

REQUIREMENTS

Table 1. Points for ENERGY STAR Performance Rating (2–12 points)

ENERGY STAR Rating Points 71 3 73 4 75 5 77 6 79 7 81 8 83 9 86 10 89 11 92 12 OR Option 2. Energy Use Intensity Targets (2–12 points) Points are awarded according to Table 2 based on the building category (Category 1 or Category 2) referenced in Appendix II, and the greater of:

• The percent improvement in project site energy use intensity (EUI) beyond the median site EUI target, OR

• The percent improvement in project source EUI beyond the median source EUI target

Table 2. Points for Percentage Improvement Over EUI Target

Table 3. Points for Percentage Energy Improvement Over Historical Baseline

Impact Area Alignment

— Quality of Life

Energy and Atmosphere Credit and Restoration

ENHANCED REFRIGERANT MANAGEMENT

PERFORMANCE

EAc3 1–2 points

INTENT

To encourage reduced leakage of older refrigerants with high global warming potential (GWP) and ozone-depleting potential (ODP), and to encourage the installation of equipment using refrigerants with low GWP.

REQUIREMENTS

Table 1. Refrigerant Leakage Emissions Ratio

• GWP = The global warming potential for the refrigerant used in each system

• R = Refrigerant charge, that is, the amount (pounds or kilograms) of refrigerant in the c system at full charge

Impact Area Alignment

— Quality of Life

Energy and Atmosphere Credit and Restoration

PEAK LOAD REDUCTION PERFORMANCE

EAc4 1 point

INTENT

To reduce the stress on the grid from peak loads, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, increase grid reliability, and make energy generation and distribution systems more affordable and more efficient.

REQUIREMENTS

• Heating demand (for climate zones 3–8): measure total hourly thermal energy consumed for space heating, service water heating, and process heating.

• Cooling demand (for climate zones 0–5): measure total hourly thermal energy consumed for space cooling and process cooling. Report the monthly peak hourly heating demand and the monthly peak hourly cooling demand for the current 12-month reporting period and for a baseline 12-month reporting period occurring within eight years before the end of the 12-month reporting period. Compare the current reporting period to the baseline reporting period to demonstrate a 10% reduction in the sum of the maximum monthly heating demand and the maximum monthly cooling demand.

Impact Area Alignment

— Quality of Life

Energy and Atmosphere Credit and Restoration

DECARBONIZATION AND EFFICIENCY PLANS

EAc5 2–4 points

INTENT

To support long-term planning for deep reductions in greenhouse gas emissions from building energy and refrigerants through 2050.

REQUIREMENTS

Table 1. Required Reductions for SDPs and Five-Year Plans